Quantum Mechanics

Bohr Theory:

• The electron is a particle that must be in orbital in the atom

Quantum Theory:

• The electron is a cloud of negative charge or a wave function
• Orbitals are areas in 3d space where the electrons are must probably are. The energy of the electron is in its vibrational mode. Like notes on a guitar string.
• Photons are produced when high energy modes change to lower energy modes

S orbitals:

Each orbital holds 2 electrons

P-orbitals:

• There are 3 sub orbitals
• Each contains 2 electrons
• Total electrons = 6

D-orbitals:

• There are 5 sub orbitals
• Each contains 2 elecrons
• Total electrons = 10

F-orbitals:

• There are 7 sub orbitals 
• Each Contain 2 electrons 
• Total electrons = 14

The Electron Configuration: 


Electron configurations in quantum physics are written in the from orbitalelectrons.  The formula for hydrogen, for example, is 1s1 and the formula for helium is 1s2. Cobalt, which is a much more complicated element, has the formula 1s22s22p63s23p64s24p63d1. 


Examples: Neon - 1s2, 2s2, 2p6